正在舉行的博鰲亞洲論壇2023年年會上，對于中國是否還是“世界工廠”的討論熱度很高。多年來，中國制造業生產力水平不斷提升，企業在中國建廠生產成本低、生產效率高，吸引各類資本來投資建廠，形成了中國制造業在產能和產量上的規模優勢。

 

Global trade dependence on Asia, including China, remains stable, and the country will never lose its status as the world's most important manufacturing hub, despite certain US moves that have been disrupting global industrial and supply chains, said senior industry experts and company executives at the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 2023 on Tuesday.

周二，在博鰲亞洲論壇2023年年會上，資深行業專家和公司高管表示，盡管美國的某些舉動擾亂了全球產業鏈和供應鏈，但全球對包括中國在內的亞洲貨物貿易的依存度保持穩定，中國永遠不會失去世界最重要制造業中心的地位。

 

Their comments emerged after a report published at the forum on Tuesday said global dependence on Asian trade in goods remained stable, and the trade dependence among Asian economies, including China, remained at a relatively high level.

在此之前，周二在博鰲亞洲論壇2023年年會上發表的一份報告稱，全球對亞洲貨物貿易的依存度保持穩定，亞洲經濟體之間的貿易依存度保持較高水平。

 

The highest level of dependence — 21 percent — was found among ASEAN countries. Japan and South Korea's dependence on China was over 20 percent, and the dependence of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and CPTPP countries on China was close to 20 percent, the report said, based on data till 2021.

報告顯示，從2021年數據看，東盟成員之間的依存度相對最高，達到21%；日本、韓國對中國的依存度在20%以上；東盟國家和《全面與進步跨太平洋伙伴關系協定》（CPTPP）國家對中國的依存度也接近20%。

 

The CPTPP refers to the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership, a free trade agreement among Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore and Vietnam.

CPTPP是澳大利亞、文萊、加拿大、智利、日本、馬來西亞、墨西哥、新西蘭、秘魯、新加坡和越南之間的自由貿易協定。

 

Among the G20 economies, most saw their trade dependence on China rise between 2017 and 2021, with only the United States and France seeing a decline in their trade dependence on China, the report said.

報告稱，在G20經濟體中，大多數國家在2017年至2021年期間對中國的貿易依存度上升，只有美國和法國對中國的貿易依存度下降。

 

"It is actually good for China that some labor-intensive industries would move away, as it would help the country's industries to upgrade to a higher level," said Yao Yang, dean of the National School of Development at Peking University.

北京大學國家發展研究院院長姚洋說：“對中國來說，一些勞動密集型產業的轉移實際上是件好事，因為這將有助于中國的產業升級到更高的水平。”

 

Yao said China will not likely lose its status as the world's largest manufacturing hub for at least 10 to 20 years. "With some labor-intensive industries shifting to some ASEAN economies and developing countries, it is geopolitically beneficial for China as a whole, as these economies are more integrated into China's manufacturing ecosystem."

姚洋說，中國至少在10到20年內不會失去世界最大制造業中心的地位。“隨著一些勞動密集型產業向一些東盟經濟體和發展中國家轉移，從整體上看，這在地緣政治上對中國是有利的，因為這些經濟體更加融入了中國的制造業生態系統。”

 

The Boao report also said Asia has a significant advantage in producing competitive products in global value chains.

博鰲亞洲論壇的報告還指出，亞洲在全球價值鏈產品競爭中優勢突出。。

 

Of the top 22 intermediate products from Asian factories in terms of export value, 21 have shown a significant rise in exports, with electronic component products, such as integrated circuits, growing the fastest, at a growth rate of up to 28.8 percent in 2021, the report said.

報告稱，從亞洲工廠出口額排名前22位的中間產品看，21種產品出口增長明顯，包括集成電路在內的電子元件產品增長最快，2021年增速高達28.8%。

 

China was still a dominant player in the trade of intermediate goods in Asia. Among the 22 most traded intermediates, China led in 20 of them, it said.

中國仍保持在亞洲中間產品貿易中的主導地位。在交易量最大的22種中間產品中，中國有20種處于領先地位。

 

Fabrizio Ferri, head of APAC Region of Fincantieri, one of the world's largest shipbuilding groups, said that China indeed faces some difficulties like disruptions in industrial and supply chains.

全球最大的造船集團之一Fincantieri亞太地區負責人Fabrizio Ferri表示，中國確實面臨著一些困難，如產業鏈和供應鏈的中斷。

 

"But China would still be a major production center," he said. "If we have to move to Southeast Asia, it is more because we want to get close to the market and our consumers there."

他說：“但中國仍將是一個主要的制造業中心。如果我們不得不搬到東南亞，更多是因為我們想要接近那里的市場和消費者。”

 

Zhang Yuyan, director of the Institute of World Economics and Politics at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said in an interview with China Daily on Tuesday that a significant change over the past three years has been that Western countries like the US have begun to pursue so-called "friend shoring", or manufacturing in, and sourcing from, countries with shared values.

中國社會科學院世界經濟與政治研究所所長張宇燕周二在接受《中國日報》采訪時表示，過去三年的一個重大變化是，美國等西方國家開始追求所謂的“朋友支持”，即在擁有共同價值觀的國家制造和采購。

 

"Leveraging political power to intervene in the free functioning of industrial and supply chains is a very big threat to the long-term and stable growth of the entire global economy," Zhang said.

張宇燕說：“利用政治力量干預產業鏈和供應鏈的自由運作，對全球經濟的長期穩定增長是一個非常大的威脅。”

 

來源：中國日報

編輯：yaning

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