十三屆全國人大三次會議以2879票贊成、2票反對、5票棄權，高票表決通過《中華人民共和國民法典》。

 

In addition to general and supplementary provisions, the Civil Code includes six parts on real rights, contracts, personality rights, marriage and family, inheritance, and tort liabilities.
除總則和附則之外，《民法典》包括物權、合同、人格權、婚姻家庭、繼承、侵權責任這六編。

The personal rights, property rights and other lawful rights and interests of the parties to civil legal relations shall be protected by law and shall not be infringed upon by any organization or individual, reads the Civil Code in its opening chapter.
《民法典》在總則部分明確，民事主體的人身權利、財產權利以及其他合法權益受法律保護，任何組織和個人不得侵犯。

保護人格尊嚴

The part on personality rights includes provisions on a civil subject's rights to life, body, health, name, portrait, reputation and privacy, among others.
人格權編包括民事主體享有的生命權、身體權、健康權、姓名權、肖像權、名譽權、隱私權等權利。

The part features stipulations on regulating studies related to human genes or embryos, strengthening privacy protection, banning sexual harassment, and other prominent issues of public concern.
人格權編還對嚴格規范與人體基因、人體胚胎等有關的科研活動，加強隱私保護，禁止性騷擾，以及其他公眾關注的重要問題進行了規定。

適應新形勢

Data and online virtual assets are also legally protected, according to the Civil Code.
《民法典》規定，數據及網絡虛擬財產也受法律保護。

Personal information includes an individual's name, birthdate, identity card number, fingerprints, home address and phone number, as well as email addresses and location data.
個人信息的范圍包括自然人的姓名、出生日期、身份證件號碼、個人生物識別信息、住址、電話號碼，以及電子郵箱地址和行蹤信息。

此外，《民法典》還對緊急情況下保護個人權利的條款做了微調。

For example, if the guardian of a child is unable to perform his or her duties due to emergencies like being put under medical isolation, primary-level Party committees or civil affairs authorities must take over the guardianship, according to the code.
比如，兒童的監護人在醫學隔離等緊急情況下無法履行監護責任的，基層黨委或民政部門必須承擔起監護責任。

Lawmakers say drafting the code is not about formulating a new civil law but rather systematically incorporating existing civil laws and regulations, modifying and improving them to adapt to new situations while maintaining their consistency.
人大代表們表示，起草《民法典》并不是制定一部新的民法，而是將現有的民事法律法規進行系統整合，在保持其一致性的前提下，根據新形勢進行修訂和完善。

The Civil Code will take effect on Jan 1, 2021.
《民法典》自2021年1月1日起施行。

【相關詞匯】

隱私政策 privacy policy

信息安全 information security

信息泄露 information leak

社會信用體系 social credit system

個人信用數據庫 personal credit database

人格權 personality rights

社會信用體系 social credit system

居住權 rights of habitation

依法治國 rule of law/law-based governance

參考來源：新華網

（中國日報網英語點津 Helen）

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